EXPLANATION TEXT

1.     Definition

It is a text that tells the process related to the formation of natural, scientific, cultural or social phenomena. Therefore, this kind of text is often found in science, geography and history textbooks.

2.     Social Function

The purpose of explanation text is to explain the process involved in the formation of a natural or social phenomenon.

3.     Generic Structure

a.     General Statement (this part of consists of a general statement / general introduction of the phenomenon that we are going to explain).

b.      Sequenced Explanation (this part explains some process involved in the formation of the phenomenon).

c.     Closing (the concluding paragraph is presented in this part of the explanation text even though it is not mandatory.

4.     Languange Features

a.     Use simple present tense.

b.     Use abstract noun (no visible noun)

c.     Use Passive voice

d.     Use Action verbs

e.     Contain explanation of the process

5.     Example

How does Rain Happen?

Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world, providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems, as well as water for hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation. (GENERAL STATEMENT)

The phenomenon of rain is actually a water circle. The concept of the water cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. The water vapor rises into the Earth’s atmosphere. The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into liquid droplets. The droplets grow until they are heavy and fall to the earth as precipitation which can be in the form of rain or snow. (SEQUENCED EXPLANATION)

However, not all rain reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions. (CLOSING